The cultivation and domestication of sludge is an important means in the field of sewage microbial treatment, which often requires the addition of bacterial strains. This method is easy to operate, effective, and stable. There are many types of microorganisms in nature, with strong adaptability and diverse metabolic pathways, which can degrade almost all pollutants in the environment. Therefore, the application prospects of strains containing different microorganisms in industrial wastewater treatment are very broad. The commonly used bacterial strains can be classified based on their different oxygen requirements and removal targets.
Generally, sewage treatment bacterial strains can be divided into three categories:
① Nitrifying bacteria: Aerobic bacteria, including nitrate bacteria, nitrite bacteria, etc. Living in aerobic water or sand layers plays an important role in the process of wastewater purification. Widely present in every corner of nature, research has found thousands of nitrifying bacteria that mainly remove ammonia nitrogen and degrade some COD. Strong sewage treatment bacteria can effectively remove ammonia nitrogen, making the effluent meet discharge standards.
② Denitrifying bacteria: Unlike nitrifying bacteria, they use oxygen in nitric acid to oxidize organic matter and obtain the energy required for their own activity. They can convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen gas, which can degrade COD, accelerate hydrolysis and acidification processes, and improve treatment efficiency in aquaculture.
③ Nitrifying and denitrifying composite strains: In increasingly complex wastewater treatment situations, it is becoming increasingly difficult to achieve strain balance using only nitrifying or denitrifying bacteria. Inaccurate ratios of nitrification and denitrification can result in significant waste of energy and bacteria, and make it difficult to achieve the expected results of wastewater treatment. Composite bacterial strains can adjust themselves according to actual water quality to achieve bacterial balance, naturally improving the effectiveness of wastewater treatment.
Wastewater treatment bacterial strains are widely used, and with the increasing development of science and technology, technology is constantly improving. Wastewater treatment bacterial technology will achieve better development in the future.
So what is the difference between the use of bacterial strains and chemicals in sewage treatment?
The treatment bacteria are specially cultivated based on the types of pollutants in sewage, and they have a special ability to degrade sewage, such as common nitrifying bacteria for removing organic matter and denitrifying bacteria for denitrification treatment. Bacterial strains rely on metabolism to decompose organic matter in wastewater, so it takes some time for the wastewater to be fully mixed with bacterial strains in order to achieve the desired effect. The reaction time is longer than chemical treatment, but bacterial strains have significant treatment effects, low costs, and do not require special supervision during operation, making them widely used.
Wastewater treatment agents and bacterial strains each have their own characteristics. Overall, agent treatment is effective and bacterial strain treatment is cost-effective. In practical engineering, a single treatment method often fails to achieve good results, especially for high difficulty organic wastewater, which generally requires the use of multiple methods for joint treatment.
In the process of using bacterial strains in sewage treatment, other factors also need to be considered. For example, temperature is an important environmental condition that affects bacterial growth and metabolism. The normal growth temperature for the vast majority of microorganisms is 20-35 ℃. Temperature mainly affects the growth and metabolic rate of microorganisms by affecting the activity of certain enzymes within microbial cells, thereby affecting sludge yield, pollutant removal efficiency, and rate; Temperature can also affect the degradation pathways of pollutants, the formation of intermediate products, and the solubility of various substances in solution, as well as potentially affecting gas production and composition.
