There are numerous issues with reverse osmosis systems, some of which stem from inherent design flaws, while others arise from operational and maintenance deviations during daily use, leading to significant operational risks.
It is specifically manifested in:
1. During the initial design phase, the head capacity of the high-pressure pump was selected too low, resulting in insufficient water production that fails to meet design requirements when temperature or influent water quality changes;
2. The oxidation of membrane elements leads to an increase in water flux and a decline in product water quality;
3. The inversion or damage of the brine sealing ring causes excessively high actual recovery rates, leading to scaling and water quality deterioration;
4. O-ring damage leads to a decline in water quality;
5. The mixed use of old and new membrane elements or different types of membrane elements leads to a decline in system performance;
6. The overlap or partial overlap between the thrust ring of the pressure vessel and the concentrated water outlet causes scaling due to excessively high recovery rates;
7. The excessive length of the pressure vessel causes brine leakage to the product water side, resulting in a decline in product water quality;
8. The absence of a pressure gauge makes it unreliable to analyze and assess the reverse osmosis operation status;
A larger pressure difference causes the membrane element to suffer telescopic effects and become damaged;
10. The increase in production back pressure leads to a decrease in production flow rate;
11. Unreasonable arrangement of reverse osmosis causes localized increases in water flux of membrane elements and accelerates fouling rates;
12. The reverse osmosis recovery rate design is不合理，with an insufficient number of membrane elements;
13. Particulate contamination causes significant mechanical fouling of the membrane elements, leading to an increased pressure differential in the first stage, reduced water production, and deteriorated water quality;
14. Pollutant deposition and bacterial/microbial contamination caused by system shutdown.
