When it comes to debugging this sewage treatment project, it's not as simple as we imagine to connect an electricity and start a machine. The work is meticulous, just like running in a new car. It needs to be adjusted bit by bit until all equipment and processes are smooth and can turn dirty water into standard clean water. Today, I will talk to everyone about what debugging actually includes.
Firstly, sufficient preparation work must be done before starting work, just like preparing all the pots, bowls, pans, oil, salt, sauce, and vinegar before stir frying. You need to first thoroughly understand the drawings of the entire sewage treatment plant, which one is the grid well, which one is the sedimentation tank, which pipe is carrying sludge, and which pipe is carrying clean water, all of which need to be clear. If you can't even figure out where the equipment is or where the pipeline is going, then there will be some trouble during debugging.
In addition to looking at the drawings, it is also necessary to conduct on-site inspections of the equipment. Take the grille as an example, we need to check if the chain of the grille machine rotates smoothly and if there are any places where things get stuck; The water pump needs to be tested to see if it can start normally, if the head is sufficient, and if there is any leakage. And those mixers and aerators need to be tested one by one to ensure that the motor runs smoothly and the parts are not loose. We can't let go of the pipelines either. We need to see if the valves can be tightly closed and if there are any blockages, especially those buried underground. If they are not discovered, it will be troublesome to deal with them later.
After the equipment inspection is completed, it's time for the electrical and self-control systems. This thing is like the "brain" of a sewage treatment plant, if there is a problem, the entire plant may be paralyzed. We need to check if the cables are connected correctly and if there is a risk of leakage; Can the switches and relays in the control cabinet work properly, and are the indicator lights on accurately. The self-control system needs to be tested more carefully, such as whether the level gauge can automatically start the water pump when it senses a certain height of water level; Can the aeration system automatically increase the aeration rate when the dissolved oxygen meter detects insufficient oxygen in the water. The logical relationships of these automatic controls must be sorted out, otherwise manual operation will be necessary, which is both cumbersome and prone to errors.
Once these hardware and control systems have no major issues, we can start single machine debugging. Simply put, it means letting each device run independently and seeing the actual effect. For example, for a grid machine, it needs to run completely for one cycle to see if it can remove large pieces of garbage from the water and whether the collected garbage can be transported smoothly to the designated location. The water pump needs to run at full load for a period of time to see if the current is stable and if it overheats. You also need to try the aerator. After opening the valve, see if each aerator can evenly produce bubbles. The size of the bubbles should be appropriate. If there are more bubbles in some areas and no bubbles in others, there must be a problem.
If there are no problems with single machine debugging, we will enter the linked debugging phase. This step is like connecting various devices in series to simulate the entire sewage treatment process. For example, from the sewage entering the grid, through the regulating tank, biochemical tank, sedimentation tank, and finally to the effluent discharge, it is necessary to observe clearly whether the operating status of the preceding equipment will affect the following equipment throughout the entire process. For example, if the water level in the regulating tank is not well controlled, it may cause the amount of water entering the biochemical tank to fluctuate, affecting the effectiveness of the biochemical reaction; If the sludge in the sedimentation tank cannot be discharged completely, it may clog the pipeline, which in turn affects the aeration system ahead. When debugging the linkage, it is also necessary to check whether the signal transmission between various devices is smooth, such as whether the sludge pump can be automatically notified to start discharging when the sludge level in the sedimentation tank is too high.
Once the linkage debugging is smooth, it's time for the most important biochemical debugging, which is the core link of sewage treatment. The microorganisms in the biochemical pool are like a group of "cleaners", relying solely on them to eat the organic matter in the sewage. But these microorganisms cannot be easily nurtured, we need to create a suitable environment for them. Firstly, it is necessary to cultivate the sludge, usually by pulling ready-made activated sludge from other sewage treatment plants, pouring it into the biochemical tank, and then slowly adding sewage to the tank while controlling indicators such as water temperature, pH value, and dissolved oxygen. Microorganisms do not like to work when the water temperature is too high or too low; If the pH value is slightly acidic or alkaline, they may simply "die"; Insufficient dissolved oxygen prevents aerobic bacteria from surviving, and too much can waste energy.
During the process of cultivating sludge, continuous monitoring of water quality is also necessary. For example, check whether indicators such as COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) have decreased, whether the concentration of sludge is sufficient, and whether the settling performance of sludge is good. If COD is found to decrease slowly, it may be due to insufficient microbial population or imbalanced nutrition. At this time, it is necessary to add some nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus appropriately, just like adding food to microorganisms. If the sludge sedimentation is not good, it may be due to sludge expansion, and we need to find ways to adjust aeration or add some chemicals to improve it. This process may take several weeks or even months, requiring patience and slowly exploring the "temperament" of microorganisms.
Biochemical debugging is almost done, it's time to carry out full process debugging. It is to continuously pass the sewage through the entire treatment system according to the designed treatment capacity, and see if the final effluent can meet the standard. At this point, there are even more indicators to monitor, in addition to COD and BOD, as well as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, suspended solids, and so on, all of which must meet emission standards. If a certain indicator is not met, we have to look back for the reason. For example, if ammonia nitrogen cannot be reduced, it may be due to insufficient activity of nitrifying bacteria in the biochemical tank, and the aeration time or sludge age needs to be adjusted; The total phosphorus exceeds the standard, which may be due to insufficient chemical phosphorus removal agents. It is necessary to increase the dosage of the agents appropriately.
During the entire debugging process, we also need to test our ability to handle various special situations. For example, can the system withstand a sudden surge of highly concentrated sewage; Can restarting the system quickly restore normal operation after a power outage for several hours. These extreme situations must be taken into consideration, otherwise in actual operation, one will be flustered.
Finally, after all the debugging is completed, various data and records need to be organized, such as the operating parameters of each device, the results of water quality monitoring, the problems encountered during the debugging process and their solutions, and so on. These materials are valuable experience that can provide reference for future operational management. At the same time, it is necessary to provide training to the operators to familiarize them with the operation methods of the equipment and the key points of daily maintenance, ensuring that the sewage treatment plant can operate stably for a long time.
Do you think that the debugging of this sewage treatment project should be done step by step, without any carelessness? Every step must be done solidly to ensure that our sewage treatment plant truly plays a role, making the sewage clean and protecting our environment.
